Follicular phase
The follicular phase is the first stage of the menstrual cycle, beginning on the first day of menstruation and lasting until ovulation. It is named after the ovarian follicles—tiny sacs within the ovaries that contain immature eggs. This phase is initiated by the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which stimulates the growth and development of these follicles. For women trying to conceive, the follicular phase is particularly significant, as it prepares the body for ovulation and the potential for fertilization.
During this phase, one follicle typically becomes dominant, maturing to release a viable egg during ovulation. As the follicle develops, estrogen levels begin to rise. This increase in estrogen not only helps prepare the uterine lining for the implantation of a fertilized egg but also has positive effects on a woman’s mood, energy levels, and overall sense of well-being. Many women report feeling more energetic, focused, and uplifted during this phase, thanks to the hormonal changes that occur.
The length of the follicular phase can vary widely among women and is often the reason why menstrual cycles differ in duration. While the average length of this phase is about 14 days in a typical 28-day cycle, it can be shorter or longer depending on individual hormonal balance. This variability makes the follicular phase a key focus for women who are tracking their cycles, especially those trying to conceive.
One of the most effective ways to monitor the follicular phase is by observing cervical mucus, which becomes more elastic and slippery—resembling raw egg whites—as ovulation approaches. This change indicates a fertile window, providing an opportunity to time intercourse for the best chance of conception.